Two Planks, Two Measurements

A carpenter must estimate the lengths a a and b b of two planks using a laser gauge whose each reading carries an independent, unbiased error of variance σ2 \sigma^2 . The gauge's battery allows exactly two readings. The obvious plan — measure each plank once — leaves each estimate with variance σ2 \sigma^2 . Can a cleverer pair of measurements deliver unbiased estimates of both lengths with lower variance, and how low can it go?

Answer

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